The Letter From Birmingham Jail Was Written By Dr. Martin

The letter from Birmingham Jail was written by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., a famous and influential activist during the period of Civil Rights struggle in 1960 s America, from a confinement cell in Birmingham as a response to the open letter written and published by eight white clergymen from Birmingham. In their letter, the clergymen criticized Dr. King and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) for their activism, while commending the Birmingham police. Though Dr. King structures the Letter as a direct response to the clergymen, they are ultimately a means through which he addresses white moderates in general and society at large. The Letter reflects many of his central philosophies, including those of nonviolence, civil†¦show more content†¦When they decided they could, they then prepared to protest. However, the SCLC chose to hold out because Birmingham had impending mayoral elections. Though the notorious racist Eugene â€Å"Bull† Connor was defeated in the election, his successor, Albert Boutwell, was also a pronounced segregationist. Therefore, the protests began. Dr. King understands that the clergymen value negotiation over protest, but he insists that negotiations cannot happen without protest, which creates a â€Å"crisis† and â€Å"tension† that forces unwilling parties (in this case, the white business owners) to negotiate in good faith. He admits that words like â€Å"tension† frighten white moderates, but embraces the concepts as â€Å"constructive and nonviolent.† He provides examples that suggest tension is necessary for humans to grow, and repeats that the tension created by direct action is necessary in this case if segregation is to end. He next turns to the clergymen criticism that the SCLC action is â€Å"untimely.† After insisting that Albert Boutwell was not different enough to warrant patience, he launches into an extended claim that â€Å"privileged groups† will always oppose action that threatens the status quo. They will always consider attacks on their privilege as â€Å"untimely,† especially because groups have a tendency towards allowing immorality that individuals might oppose. Dr. King insists that the black man has waited â€Å"more than 340 years† for justice, and he then launches into a litany of abuses thatShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Speech : Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.1334 Words   |  6 Pagesthe most important part of the speech is not what is said during the speech, but what the audience feels and remembers after the speech was over. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., a powerful advocate of African American rights, was an expert at convincing his audience to feel and react to his speeches however he wanted them to. One of the main ways he achieved this was through the use of the artistic proofs. The ‘artistic proofs’ is a term coined by the ancient greek philosopher known as Aristotle (User)Read MoreLetter From Birmingham Jail Analysis1617 Words   |  7 Pagesamusement park,; that was the painful impediment that African Americans of the 1960’s faced solely due to the melanin in their skin (King 2). Among these African Am ericans was the reverend, doctor, humanist, husband, and Civil Rights activist, Mr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Dr. King was a middle class, black man with a life-long devotion of implementing ethnic equality to African Americans nationwide. Following one of Rev. King’s peaceful protests in Birmingham, Alabama, he was jailed on accounts ofRead MoreLetter from Birmingham Jail, by Martin Luther King Jr. Essay938 Words   |  4 Pages Is it not ironic that Martin Luther King Jr. s, â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†, which testifies to his struggle for Civil Rights; not only contradicts the time Martin Luther King wrote it in, but also echoes the same sentiments of today’s moral causes and laws? . Dr. King (*) then known as Baptist minister Martin Luther King Jr. wrote the Letter to Birmingham in response to his fellow clergymen’s criticisms of him being locked up for his actions in Birmingham’s Civil Rights protest. The letter’sRead MoreLetter From Birmingham Jail By Dr. Martin Luther King1510 Words   |  7 PagesLetter from Birmingham Jail was a letter written by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. from a solitary confinement cell in Birmingham, Alabama. Some portions of the letter were written and gradually smuggled out by King s lawyer on scraps of paper including, by some reports, rough jailhouse toilet paper. Violent racist terror against African Americans was so horrible in Bir mingham in the summer of 1963 that the city was being referred to by some locals as â€Å"Bombingham†. King had been arrested while participatingRead MoreDeclaration of Independence and Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesThomas Jefferson and Martin Luther King Jr. are two American men who were key leaders during very controversial periods in U.S. history, and they were instrumental in movements that forever changed American society. Although their generations, cultures, backgrounds, and motives were quite different, their cause was relatively the same. It was a cause that stood against injustice, oppression, and sought the freedom of all men. Their beliefs and struggles were evident in their writings. Two of theRead MoreAn Analysis of Letter from a Birmingham Jail Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pages Letter from a Birmingham Jail was written by Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. in April of 1963, as he sat, as the title states, in a Birmingham, Alabama jail. King had been jailed for his participation in a peaceful protest of segregation in public places such as lunch counters and public restrooms (Berkley, 2003). While jailed, King read a criticism of the protest by a group of white ministers, who felt such demonstrations â€Å"directed and in part led by outsiders† were â€Å"unwise and untimely†Read MoreWhy Kings Letter from a Birmingham Jail Resounds throughout American History?926 Words   |  4 PagesTime: Why Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail Resounds Throughout American History Dr. Martin Luther Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail is a direct response to A Call for Unity, a letter penned by eight Alabama clergymen including one rabbi. In A Call for Unity, the eight clergymen decry the peaceful protests organized by Dr. King and his fellow civil rights activists. The clergymen claim that the protests are unwise and untimely. In his response written from jail, Dr. King outlines allRead MoreCivil Disobedience By Henry David Thoreaus Letter From A Birmingham Jail1605 Words   |  7 PagesThoreau and The Letter from a Birmingham Jail by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr and taking a closer look at their rhetorical devices and strategy’s. In Civil disobedience by Henry David Thoreau shows us the need to prioritize some one’s wellbeing over what the law says. American laws are criticized mostly over slavery and the Mexican-American war. In Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail† was written in response to a letter writt en by clergymen criticizing the actions of Dr. King and theRead MoreOutline And Objective Of A Persuasive Text1284 Words   |  6 Pageshave an empty picture. Evidence and reasoning are the two basic pieces of your persuasive letter. Without these, you’ll simply have a frame—your claim—without information to complete the argument. Explaining how things connect for your reader is one of the most important ways to strengthen your argument. Today s lesson objective is: Students will be able to develop an analysis using relevant evidence from texts to support claims, opinions, ideas, and inferences. When reading a persuasive textRead MoreRhetorical Analysis of Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay examples651 Words   |  3 Pagesthe â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† (Jr., Letter from Birmingham Jail) written by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. the three artistic appeals of Aristotle are plainly apparent, especially logos. Dr. King repeatedly appeals to logos (Ruszkiewicz) throughout the entire piece; particularly when he says he was initially disappointed at being categorized as an extremist then gradually gained a matter of satisfaction from the label. He is very impassioned in his language and tone in this part of the letter, yet

Sound Elements How They Affect Poetry - 1120 Words

Annalise Thomason Professor Turley English 200 October 21, 2015 Sound Elements: How they Affect Poetry The lessons that individuals can learn though poetry are a very important key to understanding and learning about the world around you. In poetry you have to analyze what, how, and why something is being said or portrayed in a poem. Authors use many techniques and elements to help distinguish their meaning. Some of these elements are those of sound such as rhythm, rhyme, and tone. Each of these plays a major role in how a poem in interpreted by readers. This is because each one can change the meaning of a poem by how it is used. The poems of â€Å"The Dance† by William Carlos Williams, â€Å" My Papas Waltz† by Theodore Roethke, and â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death† by Emily Dickinson are great examples of how these elements influence and shape the work and meaning of the author. The poem â€Å"The Dance† by William Carlos Williams used many different elements of sound in this poem, such as rhythm and rhyme, to bring a description and his interpretation of the painting â€Å"The Kermess† into words. Williams sets the rhythm of â€Å"The Dance† to match possible movements that occurred during this time at parties. An example would be â€Å"The dancers go round, they got round and around†(Kennedy and Gioia, 875). This insinuating that the people are dancing in circles. He also is able to set this rhythm using a specific meter. Each line has three beats and syllables creating a constant rhythm toShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Analysis – Amazing Grace747 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis – Amazing Grace The poetry â€Å"Amazing Grace† by John Newton is one of the most famous poems ever written and composed. â€Å"Amazing Grace† has been particularly influential and has affected lives since it was written. The reasons why â€Å"Amazing Grace† is influential are for the same reasons why I found this poem very interesting and engaging. The literary elements that attributed to the poem’s quality and importance are its form, content, and tone. These elements are what make â€Å"Amazing Grace†Read MoreEssay on The Sacred Words: Elements of Poetry1512 Words   |  7 PagesProgram #11 The Sacred Words: Elements of Poetry 1. Understand the importance of economy of language in poetry. It is important because it is the fewest words to fully get your idea across, not rambling on. Program #12: A Sense of Place 1. Show how clues and information in the poem about the setting affect a poems meaning for a reader It affects it changing the reader’s vision about what they are reading. 2. Discuss how a readers understanding of a poem is affected byRead MoreEchoes Of Sounds And Souls. Sound Is One Of The Most Intriguing1629 Words   |  7 PagesEchoes of Sounds and Souls Sound is one of the most intriguing elements of language. It is fundamental to all spoken languages yet does not explicitly lend itself to its written counterparts. For many of us we hear the sounds in our heads whilst reading. Nevertheless it could certainly be argued that the mere letters on the page themselves contain the entirety of the meaning; the sounds associated with them being of secondary importance. This argument holds some element of truth as it is entirelyRead MoreEssay on Compare and Contrast Literary Text and Non-Literary Text1569 Words   |  7 Pagesartist’s will and imaginations and are therefore subjective. Poetry, novels, short stories and dramas are written in a particular way, and this is referred to as literary text. In literary texts, authors creatively create feelings and ideas to entertain their audiences. Examples of literary texts are poems, short stories and dramas. They have been described as â€Å"the best words in the best order†. The use of sound of words make poems sound like songs when read aloud. Poems have a particular appearanceRead MoreComparing and Contrasting Literary Forms691 Words   |  3 Pagespaper will consider the similarities and differences among the literary forms of drama, poetry, and the short story. Certainly, an obvious similarity is that they are all forms of literature and as such have the great potential to affect peoples hearts, minds, and experiences. Literature, when executive well, has the potential to change a persons perspective, inspire, or otherwise change who that person is and how that person thinks. This is a similarity that each one of these literary forms has inRead MoreAnalysis Of Emily Dickinson s Poetry1168 Words   |  5 PagesEmily Dickinson’s poetry arose during a time of much deep questioning going on in the literary world. Many of her poems lend themselves to various interpretations, as Dickinson looks at the world through a variety of perspectives. Dick inson wrote concisely and broke the traditional rules of writing poetry, and in doing so often wrote in one way but meant something entirely different. Poem 340, or â€Å"I felt a Funeral, in my Brain,† is one of these such poems that has no clear answer and is ultimatelyRead MoreThe Road Not Taken By Robert Frost1075 Words   |  5 PagesBehind The Text Leah Cordier Ms. Paine Honor Tenth Grade Literature/Composition 14 December 2015 What is diction? The choice and use of words and phrases in writing. How does that affect a piece of literature? It creates and shapes it. What is structure? The complex construction of an arranged plan. How does structure relate to a poem? Structure in a pieces of literature, generates tension and deposition. The Road Not Taken, is a poem published in the early 1950’s by Robert Frost. The poem is summarizedRead MoreThe Song Analysis OfHey, Jude, By Paul Mccartney728 Words   |  3 Pagesdecided to change the title to â€Å"Hey, Jude† after hearing the name in a movie and liking the sound of the name. The voice of â€Å"Hey, Jude† is encouraging and urges Jude to not give up during hard times. Paul McCartney acts as the persona, taking an influential role in Jude’s life. â€Å"Hey, Jude† contains poetic elements that add to the overall effect of the song, including rhyme, symbolism, and multiple sound techniques. Paul McCartney added rhyme to â€Å"Hey, Jude† while coming up with the lyrics on hisRead More Langston Hughes: In the beginning there was language Essay1035 Words   |  5 Pages In The Beginning, There Was Language nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A dream is a hope, a wish, and an aspiration. Everyone has dreams about what they want to be when they grow up, how they want to live, whom they want to marry and how their life will turn out. However, not all dreams can come true right away. Many of them are just out of reach and can only be attained by hard work, leadership and determination. The poem â€Å"A Dream Deferred† by Langston Hughes is an example of just that, a dream thatRead MoreEssay on Langston Hughes: in the Beginning There Was Language1027 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Beginning, There Was Language A dream is a hope, a wish, and an aspiration. Everyone has dreams about what they want to be when they grow up, how they want to live, whom they want to marry and how their life will turn out. However, not all dreams can come true right away. Many of them are just out of reach and can only be attained by hard work, leadership and determination. The poem A Dream Deferred by Langston Hughes is an example of just that, a dream that is just simply out of reach

Naked under the kilt (a fringe benefit) an imaginary conversation between Ellen Hulkower and her Ma Essay Example For Students

Naked under the kilt (a fringe benefit): an imaginary conversation between Ellen Hulkower and her Ma Essay For even the most seasoned theatregoer, wandering the streets of Edinburgh during the Festival can be as exhilarating and over-whelming as a stroll through a bazaar in Istanbul. During the last weeks of August every year, this staid Scottish capital is transformed into the theatre capital of the world, not by the official festival, prestigious though it is, but by the gigantic Festival Fringe which has engulfed it. The Edinburgh Fringe, like all of the fringe festivals modeled on it, does not in any way pre-select groups who wish to perform. In other words, anyone who can scrape together the money for travel, room and board, and then find a venue (often with the help of the Fringe administrative office), can participate. The facts and figures are daunting: Last year, for example, more than 550 companies performed each day for three weeks in 162 venues across the city, from 10 a.m. to midnight. Participants range from established names (last year Garrison Keillor, Steven Berkoff and Englands Hull Truck Company were in attendance) to a dizzying array of new writers, directors and performers, youth and community theatres, and university companies. To get a street-level view of what its like to take part in the Fringe, we asked one of last years participants, New York-based solo performer Ellen Hulkower, to describe her experiences. Her piece, Zel Rebels! The Story of a Woman in a (1) Man Show, is an irreverent examination of the metamorphosis of female roles. The characters she portrays, linked by an instinct for survival, include the sweetly impossible Regina, a repressed older woman who loves to describe in detail her finicky eating regime and occasional colonics; the volatile and brassy Darlene (portrayed with a set of plastic breasts), who surprises would-be harassers by harassing them back; and the long-suffering Ma, who voices her parental exasperation through rant-like momologues. Hulkower also pokes fun at the audiences voyeuristic tendencies in a brief interlude in which she takes Polaroids of the spectators while she is naked. She spent more than six months fundraising to bring Zel Rebels! to Scotland and hired two assistants, Dan Kagan an Philip Galinsky to help her run the show and publicize it. What follows is an imaginary (?) stateside slide show in which Ellen tel Ma what she did last summer. ELLEN: Okay, this is the city of Edinburgh and the amazing castle on a hill in the center of town which you have to walk past to get anywhere MA: (In a thick New York Jewish accent.) I know, Ive been there, go to the next. Oh this is the military tattoo. Didnt you love the tattoo? ELLEN: I wouldnt know, we never saw it. We were so busy campaigning that we missed out on a lot of sightseeing. MA: Your father and I loved it, all those bagpipes, all those horses ELLEN: All those men with nothing on under their kilts. MA: Thats just a myth. ELLEN: Ma, its true. I know. MA: Oh youre full of it. Whats this, why did you take a picture of people standing on a long line? ELLEN: Its called a queue. These people are queuing up at the Fringe Box Office. MA: They look so confused. ELLEN: Thats because theyre overwhelmed by trying to decide what to see. Last summer people had to choose from 572 possible shows MA: 572! And I thought Boca Raton was crowded in the winter. ELLEN: Boca schmoca 572 doesnt even include the main festival, the film festival, the bi-annual book festival and the endless free theatre happening in the streets. MA: So why would anyone want to see your show? Youre not famous or anything. ELLEN: Youre so encouraging, Ma. We pretended I was famous. You know, act as if? Look, heres a picture of one of the billboards Dan, Phil and I made. MA: Its huge! ELLEN: Yea, we kept making them bigger and better, adding more blown-up phrases from reviews hot off the press and 8 x 10 glossies from the show. Everyone hung flyers around the box office, but we wanted to stand out. So we hung a giant billboard from the scaffolding at the entrance of the box office, not a legal thing to do. Each time they tore it down, wed just make another one. Usually wed do this around 3 a.m., no competition then. Plus it was a glorious time to walk the Royal Mile. This is a picture of Dan and Phil with flyers pasted all over them. Mozart: Cosi fan tutte EssayELLEN: Not so small, a 75-seat house larger than most of the venues on the Fringe. We filled it up six or seven times and the other nights averaged around 25. We thought that was great since the average audience size on the Fringe was 7. MA: What about all those radio shows you did the time you were on with Garrison Keillor? ELLEN: I wasnt on with him, his interview was on right after mine. Ironically he made things more difficult for me because his show played for several nights at midnight too. So did many of the big comedians. They performed in these huge theatres and had an insane amount of publicity. But we rode on their coattails. Wed follow the guys hanging up their huge 3040 posters and while the wheat paste was still wet wed slap on our 1117 fluorescent pink posters. Saved us from having to drag a bucket of glue around town or getting a 6000 fine. You were lucky if your posters hung for 24 hours. The competition MA: I told all the neighbors and relatives you were on with Garrison Keillor. ELLEN: Sorry. One night I played to an audience of four men. I told them they were my own private bachelor party, and we immediately bonded. It turned out to be one of my best performances. MA: So that was your highlight? Running around naked on stage for four men? ELLEN: Ma, I did 22 performances in 24 days, not including all of the excerpts I did the pubs at 2 a.m., or at Fringe Sunday or on the Mervyn Stutter Show. It was a true test of stamina and a test of my material in a town not littered with friends. Audiences seemed to love the show. Many people saw it more than once MA: Maybe they didnt get it the first time. ELLEN: Funny. A middle-aged woman from France saw the piece five times, a 12-year-old Scottish boy saw it seven maybe even eight times and a group of high school students from Arkansas MA: A 12-year-old boy saw you running around naked? ELLEN: Yea, he loved it, kept calling it brilliant. Thats their word for cool, everythings brilliant. MA: Where were his parents? ELLEN: His dad was the super of the theatre I performed in, Randolph Studio, so Mark was able to sneak in. His mother finally stopped chasing him. She got me back though. She made me eat Haggis. Mark drew this caricature of me wait, I have a slide of it somewhereyea, here it is. Great, huh? MA: Brilliant. ELLEN: I had it printed up on flyers and T-shirts, it was a smash. Another audience member who sat in the first row sketched me naked. MA: No wonder they kept coming back. ELLEN: One time during the show a curtain caught on fire stage left. Excuse me, I told the audience, put the flames out with my bare hands and without a breath turned and said Im so damn hot the whole place is going up in flames. They applauded wildly. MA: When a plane finally lands after a bumpy flight people applaud wildly, too. ELLEN: The whole experience was kinda like a bumpy flight. The ultimate satisfaction came from moving people who were from different cultures night after night. It was very powerful. A young woman from Manchester came up to me and said, I cant believe it, that was my life up there. MA: Did you tell her it was really my life up there? ELLEN: Yours mine and ours, Ma. After all, if Im not careful Im going to turn into you someday anyway. MA: Now that would be brilliant.

nothing Essays - Team Sports, Alexander Cartwright,

There are many myths surrounding the origins of baseball. Many people believe that a young West Point Cadet named Abner Doubleday invented baseball one day in 1839 while in Cooperstown, New York. That is definitely not true. The Doubleday Myth was first created by a panel of "baseball experts" appointed to determine the origins of the game. The Commission based its conclusions on the testimony of one Abner Graves. History proved that Graves may not have been the most credible witness, however. Just a year later, Mr. Graves shot his wife, was declared criminally insane, and spent the rest of his life in a mental institution. Furthermore, when Doubleday died, he left behind thousands of personal letters. None of them mentioned baseball. It's hard to believe that if the man invented the game, he wouldn't have mentioned it at some point during his lifetime. It is now agreed that Abner Doubleday didn't invent baseball. The Doubleday Myth was perpetuated by the businessmen who founded the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1936 in Cooperstown. They used the myth to establish a geographic link between the new museum and the origins of the game that it honored. Greedy rats Who Invented Baseball? In reality, baseball evolved out of several different "bat and ball" games such as English Rounders, Cricket, and American Town Ball that had been around for centuries. But there is one man who deserves the credit for establishing the fundamental rules of the sport and for organizing the first baseball game. He is Alexander Cartwright. Cartwright was a member of the New York Knickerbockers, a club of young businessmen who regularly played Town Ball to escape the confines of their office lives and get some exercise after work. In 1845, Cartwright and a committee from his club drew up clear rules designed to convert Town Ball into a more elaborate sport. He called it Base Ball. Cartwright actually wrote down his rules for Base Ball, and many of them are still fundamental parts of the game, including the concepts of: (1) fair and foul territory; (2) three strikes per out; (3) three outs per inning; (4) nine players per side; and (5) ninety feet between bases. He also outlawed the Town Ball practice of "soaking a runner," which allowed a defender to hit a runner with the ball to get him out. Given the speed of a Roger Clemens fastball, that particular change was very good for today's players. The first baseball game played under these new rules took place on June 19, 1846 between Cartwright's Knickerbockers and another squad known as the New York Nine. The teams reviewed the Cartwright Rules before the game, and then began the competition. One difference between the First Baseball Game and the current game is that the teams played until one squad reached 21 runs. There were innings, but they were not limited to nine. The New York Nine slaughtered Cartwright's Knickerbockers 21-1. Cartwright eventually moved to California in 1849 to chase the gold rush. On his journey across the country, he introduced baseball to every town he stayed along the way. He later moved to Hawaii and set up formal baseball leagues, which have been credited as the direct precursors of the Major Leagues. In 1953, Congress officially recognized Cartwright as the inventor of modern baseball. Some baseball scholars now challenge this assertion, but to date, there is no proof of an earlier baseball game or an earlier delineation of the formal rules of the game. Unless and until such evidence is unearthed, it should be accepted that Alexander Cartwright invented baseball. Read more: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/When_was_the_first_baseball_game_played#ixzz1IgmoXfNX

Know the Different Types of Exam Questions

Know the Different Types of Exam Questions Exam Questions: Understanding the Different Types Most exams are generally made up of different question types. Before starting to study for an exam, try to establish what genre of questions you can expect. Check all course and exam materials. Consult your tutor or lecturer if anything is not clear. This article provides some useful tips on studying for an exam and how to approach the most common question types. Answering Computational or Problem-Type Questions Questions in these categories involve solving problems with the use of calculations. If you are studying or preparing to answer computational or problem-style questions, you should: Familiarize yourself with the terminology, theories, vocabulary and any applicable formulas. Additionally you should know when and how to apply the latter. Try and get some previous exam papers to use for practice or you may find something in your course notes, texts, materials, and so on. Try answering questions of this type in their entirety and in the same manner as you would in an exam situation. Answering Essay Questions The answers to essay questions should be structured in a similar manner to any essay or scholarly report. These answers can range in length from a few short paragraphs to several pages. Reference lists will not be needed, but all sources should be acknowledged. The allocation of marks is often an indication of how long the essay should be. If you are studying or preparing to answer essay-type questions, you should: Look at previous exam papers, revision-style questions, or already-graded assignments to try to work out what questions you might get. However, you should make sure there have been no changes to the format or content of a particular style of exam. Try to write some model or ‘practice’ answers. Try practicing. For instance, you could try writing different answers as though you were in an exam situation. This involves developing an answer plan and getting your thoughts onto paper at exam speed. Things to remember when you are answering essay-type questions in an actual exam: Firstly, read and analyze every question in a meticulous manner until you are certain you understand the requirements. Do a little brainstorming to generate ideas and create an answer plan. You may find mind mapping or similar techniques helpful for this step. Write down a few keywords/phrases. Say, for instance, there are four or five key points to your answer. Make a note of these with a few keywords for every point. Your answer should begin with a brief rephrasing (in your own words) of the question. Every main point, topic or idea should be given a new paragraph. Every point should be supported with reasoning, examples and/or tangible results. Leave some space (a couple of lines) between paragraphs because you may wish to add more or new information later. With essay questions/answers, it is essential to remain within the time allocated to you. An excessive amount of time on one question can leave you short of time for subsequent questions. If you find yourself short of time, write down some key ideas and words to let the examiner know the direction you were going in. This may earn you a few extra marks. Additionally, leave plenty margin space for the exam marker. Try to make your writing as neat as possible and do your best to do some proofreading as you proceed.Answering Multiple-Choice Type Questions A multiple-choice question is made up of the first part of a sentence – known as the stem – or a full question and several (generally three to five) answer options. Those taking the test or exam are then required to select the answer they know or believe to be correct from the list of options. The allocation of marks indicates the amount of time you should devote to individual questions. If you are studying or preparing to answer multiple-choice questions, you should focus on: Names Factual details Terminology Theories and concepts, and any examples that underpin them Likenesses and differences. Things to remember when you are answering multiple-choice questions in an actual exam: Before answering any questions, read quickly through all of them and the answer options. Mark out any questions you are unsure of so that you can return to them if time permits. Answer those questions you are confident about first. After that try the other questions. Begin by marking off those answers you know to be incorrect. It is a good idea to look out for negative options in questions e.g. â€Å"which of the following are not †¦?† Do not change first answers unless you are sure. First instincts are usually correct. Stay within the time allowed to you. If time runs out and you have not answered some questions, leave them or take a guess at them. If possible, all questions should be answered even if some answers are guesswork. You just might be correct if you select an option. In some cases, however, you can lose marks for incorrect answers so be sure you understand the instructions before beginning. Answering with Short Answer Type Questions As the name suggests, these types of questions require relatively short answers, ranging from a few well-chosen words to one or two paragraphs. The allocation of marks is often an indication of how long the answer should be. If you are studying or preparing to answer short answer exam questions, you should focus on: Names Factual details Terminology Theories and concepts, and any examples that underpin them Likenesses and differences. Things to remember when you are dealing with short answer questions in an actual exam: Answers should be planned before writing commences. Answers should be brief. Questions should not be rewritten and there is no need to provide more details than the requested amount. Time may run out and you will not earn any additional marks. Do your best to answer all questions. Highlight those questions you are not sure about and return to them if time allows at the end.

The Invention of Radio Technology

The Invention of Radio Technology Radio owes its development to two other inventions: the telegraph and the telephone.  All three technologies are closely related, and radio technology actually began as wireless telegraphy. The term radio can refer to either the electronic appliance that we listen with or to the content that plays from it. In any case, it all started with the discovery of radio waves- electromagnetic waves that have the capacity to transmit music, speech, pictures, and other data invisibly through the air. Many devices work by using electromagnetic waves, including radios, microwaves, cordless phones, remote controlled toys, televisions, and more. The Roots of Radio Scottish physicist  James Clerk Maxwell first predicted the existence of radio waves in the 1860s. In 1886, German physicist  Heinrich Rudolph Hertz demonstrated that rapid variations of electric current could be projected into space in the form of radio waves, similar to light waves and heat waves. In 1866, Mahlon Loomis, an American dentist, successfully demonstrated wireless telegraphy. Loomis was able to make a meter connected to a kite cause a meter connected to another nearby kite to move. This  marked the first known instance of wireless aerial communication. But it was Guglielmo Marconi, an Italian inventor, who proved the feasibility of radio communication. He sent and received his first radio signal in Italy in 1895. In 1899, he flashed the first wireless signal across the English Channel, and two years later received the letter S, which was telegraphed from England to Newfoundland (now part of Canada). This was the first successful transatlantic radiotelegraph message. In addition to Marconi, two of his contemporaries,  Nikola Tesla and Nathan Stufflefield, took out patents for wireless radio transmitters. Nikola Tesla is now credited with being the first person to patent radio technology. The Supreme Court overturned Marconis patent in 1943 in favor of Teslas. The Invention of Radiotelegraphy Radiotelegraphy is the sending by radio waves of the same dot-dash message (Morse code) used by telegraphs. Transmitters, at the turn of the century, were known as spark-gap machines. They were developed mainly for ship-to-shore and ship-to-ship communication. This form of radiotelegraphy allowed for simple communication between two points. However, it was not public radio broadcasting as we know it today. The use of wireless signaling increased after it was proved to be effective in communication for rescue work at sea. Soon a number of ocean liners even installed wireless equipment. In 1899, the United States Army established wireless communications with a lightship off Fire Island, New York. Two years later, the Navy adopted a wireless system. Up until  then, the Navy had been using visual signaling and homing pigeons for communication. In 1901, radiotelegraph service was established between five Hawaiian Islands. In 1903, a Marconi station located in Wellfleet, Massachusetts,  carried an exchange between President Theodore Roosevelt and King Edward VII. In 1905, the naval battle of Port Arthur in the Russo-Japanese war was reported by wireless. And in 1906, the U.S. Weather Bureau experimented with radiotelegraphy to speed up notice of weather conditions. Robert E. Peary, an arctic explorer, radiotelegraphed  I found the Pole in 1909. A year later, Marconi established regular American-European radiotelegraph service, which several months later enabled an escaped British murderer to be apprehended on the high seas. In 1912, the first transpacific radiotelegraph service was established,  linking San Francisco with Hawaii. Meanwhile, overseas radiotelegraph service developed slowly, primarily because the initial radiotelegraph transmitter was unstable and caused a high amount of interference. The Alexanderson high-frequency alternator and the De Forest tube eventually resolved many of these early technical problems. The Advent of Space Telegraphy Lee de Forest was the inventor of space telegraphy, the triode amplifier, and the Audion, an amplifying vacuum tube. In the early 1900s, the development of radio was hampered by the lack of an efficient detector of electromagnetic radiation. It was De Forest who provided that detector. His invention made it possible to amplify the radio frequency signal picked up by antennae. This allowed for the use of much weaker signals than had previously been possible. De Forest was also the first person to use the word radio. The result of Lee de Forests work was the invention of amplitude-modulated or AM radio, which allowed for a multitude of radio stations. It was a huge improvement over the earlier spark-gap transmitters. True Broadcasting Begins In 1915, speech was first transmitted by radio across the continent from New York City to San Francisco and across the Atlantic Ocean. Five years later, Westinghouses KDKA-Pittsburgh broadcasted  the Harding-Cox election returns and began a daily schedule of radio programs. In 1927, commercial radiotelephony  service linking North America and Europe was opened.  In 1935, the first telephone call was made around the world using a combination of wire and radio circuits. Edwin Howard Armstrong  invented frequency-modulated or FM radio in 1933. FM improved the audio signal of radio by controlling the noise static caused by electrical equipment and the earths atmosphere. Until 1936, all American transatlantic telephone communication had to be routed through England. That year, a direct radiotelephone circuit was opened to Paris. In 1965, the first Master  FM Antenna system  in the world, designed to allow individual FM stations to broadcast simultaneously from one source, was erected on the Empire State Building in New York City.

Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Research Paper - Essay Example As the world continue to apply information technology in various sectors such as banking, education, trade and entertainment, intellectual property issues have become even more complicated. This has led to the formulation of a new set of laws known as cyber laws. Consequently, cyber crimes are defined as any form of malpractice that involves tampering with computer based resources, cyber fraud, cyber based intimidation, and computer hackings are some of the major cyber crimes. These laws are incorporated in the information technology act, 2000. It is difficult to implement intellectual property rights without proper cyber laws and legislation. Intellectual property Patents A patent is a legal document that is issued by the federal government to an inventor. The document gives the owner exclusive rights of reproducing or participating in his innovation without threats from other developers. The right is meant to promote creativity and innovation in various industries2. Moreover, paten t rights allow members of the public to disclose innovations and other forms of technological advances in their respective industries3. Laws meant to protect intellectual property under patents have been criticized for certain ambiguities. This has necessitated constant reviews to make the required adjustments. Thus, suitable legislations should have clear definitions on patents and the extent to which patents can be applied. Furthermore, suitable legislation should set limits beyond which the legislations are considered to be violated. This is to safeguard innovators and other property developers from accusations of intellectual property theft. Trademarks Trademarks are quality assurance symbols and information used to identify the quality of a product. Ideally, trademarks are business items that are meant to protect manufacturers and traders. Tirade marks have often been accused of promoting monopoly trade, which may be harmful to the economy. This is because they promote the sale and continuity of popular products while they inconvenience inexperienced entrepreneurs. Trademarks are also used as sources of standards for a particular products and services. Copyrights Copyrights are constitutional property rights, which grant rightful owner, creators, or authors of certain material exclusive rights over their production and distribution. Copyrights provisions are meant to promote innovation and useful arts by offering incentives and protection to their owners. Ideally, copyrights protect intangible and original works including music, research, books, photographs, films, and computer software. Copyright is a collection of rights that include; the right to reproduce copyrighted material, rights to derive additional work, rights to distribution and public display. Each of these rights is protected under the information Technology Act of 2000. Cyber crime A cyber crime is regarded as any crime or offense that violates The Information Technology Act 2000. This rede finition leaves out major issues and provisions that threaten activities in the real world. Moreover, cyber laws conflicts with freedom of information and cyber space. Certainly, cyber laws cannot work in isolation and they require adequate collaboration with other supportive or related laws. For example, a person who is accused of sending intimidating massages over the internet will be charged with criminal intimidation provisions that are contained in the common laws4. Further, a person

Oral Learning Objective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Oral Learning Objective - Essay Example The teams were necessary since the company was growing and the work was getting complex. Again, we had to increase the work efficiency for the company, which the only way was teamwork. We organized into a team of about 10 people where we were self-driven in a way that we would make decisions with minimal supervision from the supervisors or the managers. This was the simple structure of the organization as we embraced teamwork. Each team was responsible for its own business. Some of our functional responsibilities were managing inventory, gross margins, labor productivity and product placement decisions. This kind of cooperation with my other employees encouraged and I found the importance of working as a team. As I had learnt from class, I would like to mention that it is true that self-directed teams organize around the work process. In order to complete a whole work piece that requires interdependent tasks, this has a significant autonomy over execution of the tasks. I joined with my colleagues to create a dependant position in order to complete my individual tasks. From our teams, we had a leader who ensured that each of us completes his or her individual tasks and to ensure that everyone does the right thing. We kept independent from other teams, since what we required most is the interdependence amongst ourselves in order to make the best out of our products. I found myself responding very fast and effectively to the demands of our clients and the stakeholders. I did not want to lose any client in being slow or portraying a negative attitude. This is exactly what is required in the organizational behavior that we learnt in class. I felt motivated working with this organization because of the mandate that I could do on my own with minimal interruptions from my supervisors. Actually, communication and technological coordination support was always available which enriched the job increment. It was awe-inspiring

Impact of Columbus Voyages on the Indigenous People Essay Example for Free

Impact of Columbus Voyages on the Indigenous People Essay The indigenous people were accustomed to sicknesses of their own but none like the ones brought by the Spanish. With the coming of these diseases many of the indigenous people died from small pox and chicken pox. Realizing this effect the diseases had on them many might have committed suicide and led up to other ways in which the indigenous people died out. After Columbus had left for the first time his men became lazy and put the indigenous people to work and as a result these people attacked but it was futile and many of them died. This was because the Spanish men were better armed with steal and metal weapons, powerful crossbows unlike the simple arrows and bows of the indigenous people. As taken from Caribbean History: Foundations Book 1 written by William Claypole and John Robottom it says ‘The Spaniards used horses for quick attacks and retreats, while the Tainos suffered dreadful casualties by rushing headlong at the enemy. In a very short time, tens of thousands were killed’. Afterwards the people were forced to pay taxes of gold and cotton or they were forced to give several weeks of free labour. The way in which the indigenous people were killed also known as genocide happened under the Spanish rule and decreased the population of these people. Indigenous people were polytheistic and their God’s were known as Zemis that they represented with wood, bone and stone carvings. Their Gods gave them good crops, sun, rain and corn. They believed deeply in these Gods and so when the Spanish tried to change their belief to that a foreign one with one God it was very difficult for them also because they were not interested in Christian learning. This made them see that there will no longer be the sun, rain and corn. Their religious practices were changed because of forced conversion to what the Spanish referred to ask Christianity. The Spanish saw the indigenous people as ‘heathens’ and wanting to please their country tried very hard to force their region on these people. Family was a big part of the indigenous society even in those where they were not a formed community like the Kalinagos who moved around and did not stay in one place. The breaking up of families made it difficult for the people to feel the togetherness of a community again. The adult males were taken away and moved around, the Kalinagos because of their war-type behavior rebelled and were killed by in the Spaniards in the wars they became part of. After so many years of fighting and trying so very hard to defend themselves, it eventually turned them into warriors which in the beginning they were not. Even if at first they were not accustomed to the fighting, suicide, killing and raids they now had to deal with these many things. Some of these indigenous people fled to the mountains and became maroon .As extracted from Karifuna/Kalinago of Dominica by Sidney Mejia ‘Indigenous people were thus being regularly displaced or exiled (to make way for plantations) to areas that were less fertile.’ They did things like destroying crops, refusing to work, poisoning the water supply and burning the food stores trying to succeed in getting back what they were before.

Comparing Hide and Seek, Half past Two and Leaving school :: English Literature

Comparing Hide and Seek, Half past Two and Leaving school For this essay I am going to compare the language in three poems and how they show the persons feelings. These poems are 'Hide and Seek' 'Half past Two' and 'Leaving School'. Hide and seek is written in a 3rd person perspective. The language is descriptive, simple, atmospheric and childlike in the way that it uses personification (giving things human names). The poem suggests that it is in a 3rd person perspective by the use of the word 'you' at the end of the poem. The end of the poem is also very sad and lonely, enhanced by the darkness described. All these factors together produce a dark, lonely and upsetting mood, these factors are easily shown by the child's character which is soft, small, frightened and easily upset from the description that we get. Half past Two is also written in a third person perspective. The language and viewpoint of the entire poem is that of a young child's point of view, this is shown in the language. The language shows this by its simplicity, its child like words and the way that the writer puts words together with no spaces. The language also has some rhyming words in it. The child's character is simple, he knows what he knows, but that's it and he shows innocence in the way he thinks. The mood is not really set because the description does not include the weather, of a descriptive setting but we get a confused and scared mood from the confused child. The structure is simple with some italic writing to create emphasis and the writer uses 3 lined stanzas. Leaving School is written in a first person perspective and the language is a lot more complicated but still easily understood the language in the poem is also very emotional. The poem is about a boy that is missing home and is easily upset, the poem also gives use a feeling that he is being forced to grow up to fast, because of some of the simple things he is worried about and the things he gets wrong. At the end of the poem the child keeps on drifting in to his own imaginary world and also shows his lack of confidence. The mood is upsetting and lonely, this is created by the child's sad situation. The structure of the poem is in three chunks of lines, and the

A Marketing Memo

First, I will suggest to Mr. Dickson to begin with a distribution approach that basically matches his capability. He must analyze the pros and cons of finding an effective distribution pattern and this heavily depends on his finances and production ability.Some ways are producing a small display of his products at local stores and advertising over telephones. Second, Mr. Dickson should learn how his product sells. In conjunction with the first step, he now has to weigh his options regarding where and how his product sells—whether through local stores or any other way that he can think of.Which ever way he may pursue, he should bear in mind which approach can him more support. Thirdly, Mr. Dickson should think about his options in promotions to his intended market.Since Mr. Dickson had already established a connection with the local stores and he believes that his product is more superior to the other brand, one way to introduce and spread his product is through attending local conventions and feature shows wherein he can introduce his sauce to bigger and more established distributors and retailers.Through this, he can have contacts to bigger supermarkets and a wider audience. The last step is that for Mr. Dickson to consider his alternatives before making the concluding decision. Mr. Dickson should at first establish a distribution network and this network should sell enough to sustain his product without too much attempt on his part. (Debelak, 2004)The main problem of Mr. Dickson is the limited distribution that his product achieved despite his attempts to sell it to local markets. But since he has the support of his restaurant clientele and a massive confident on his product, I think that he should continue on doing from the basic—which is promotion. The constraint now is how and where he promotes.As I see it, since he has a small connection to local supermarkets, he should start from there. He should set up small displays in the supermarkets an d attend local feature shows so that people will be introduced to his sauce.And I think that he should not stop advertising in his restaurant. He should also set up small displays on his restaurant and should continue utilizing it in his recipes. Through this, the confidence of his clients and the greatness of his product can even reach other people through word of mouth, which is little on his part.REFERENCES:Debelak, D. (2004). Spread it around: find the best way to distribute your product, and you'll rake in the profits [Electronic Version]. Retrieved September 2, 2007 from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0DTI/is_6_32/ai_n6066217. Â  

Benefits of Coffee Essay

Kristen Kirkpatrick said that a study in 2012 showed that three or more cups of coffee a day lowers the risk of death regardless of whether participants drank caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee. 2. Makes your reproductive system happy d. Men would you like a drink that could lower your chances for prostate cancer? And ladies wouldn’t you like to lower your risk for endometrial cancer? e. Kirkpatrick also says that a 2011  study  found that men consuming at least six or more cups a day reduced their risk of prostate cancer by 20 percent! Another  study  published in the  Journal Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention  found that women who drank more than four cups of coffee a day had a 25 percent lower risk of endometrial cancer. 3. Lower risks of Type 2 diabetes f. A 2012  study  found that a compound in coffee can actually help block a substance in the body called human islet amyloid polypeptide that may play a role in the development of diabetes. Further  studies  have  demonstrated  that caffeinated coffee consumption is linked to decreased diabetes risk as well. 4. Protects your brain g. When you wake up to the smell of coffee in the morning do you usually smile? h. Coffee drinkers are less likely to develop dementia and Alzheimer’s later in life according to a study done in 2009 i. The smell of coffee can help reduce stress that could be associated with loss of sleep 5. Good for skin j. Drinking coffee may help you to ward off basal cell carcinoma So, the next time you are wondering whether you should have that second cup of coffee to perk you up, relax. At least now you know how it could help you!

Women in the Middle Ages essays

Women in the Middle Ages essays WHAT ROLES WERE AVAILABLE TO WOMEN IN EARLY MEDIEVAL EUROPE? The history of women in the Middle Ages is difficult to write. Few women where literate; their opportunities to record their own thoughts and feelings and attitudes were restricted; the bulk of medieval records were written by men for men. This statement by Christopher N.L. Brooke seems to be a quite good introduction to an essay about the roles available to women in the early Middle Ages. It reminds us how difficult is to write a female history and we can easily imagine the even greater lack of information we have to face in lower classes women history. What we do know is that there were some women playing important roles in early medieval society. If they were an exception or not and what allowed them to assume such positions is what we are going to find out. This essay will mainly focus its attention on Frankish and Anglo-Saxon societies in the early Middle Ages. Women of that period should be first distinguished because of their birth. Therefore, the lives of women born in the royal families and in the upper classes will be analysed separated from the lives of those belonging to the lower classes. Marriage is a factor of division among medieval women, furthermore. Therefore, we will speak about queens, wives, widows, concubines and nuns. The family structure in the early Middle Ages was basically patriarchal. Women had rights but they were not allowed to appear in front of a judge in order to defend them. Moreover, they could not administrate directly their patrimony and laws about heredity were not favourable to them. Basically, women belong to their parents while they were nubile and to their husbands while they were married. According to Germanic laws, marriage was arranged between the womans tutor and her future husband who gave on that occasion a bridegift, usually called dos or Morgengabe. This marriage was, on a juridical point of vi...

List of Free Online Public Schools for Hawaii Students, K-12

List of Free Online Public Schools for Hawaii Students, K-12 Hawaii offers resident students the opportunity to take online public school courses for free. Below is a list of no-cost online schools currently serving elementary and high school students in Hawaii. In order to qualify for the list, schools must meet the following qualifications: classes must be available completely online, they must offer services to state residents, and they must be funded by the government. Virtual schools listed may be charter schools, state-wide public programs, or private programs that receive government funding. List of Hawaii Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools Connections Public Charter School (off-site link)Halau Ku Mana New Century Charter School (off-site link)Hawaii Virtual Academies (off-site link) About Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools Many states now offer tuition-free online schools for resident students under a certain age (often 21). Most virtual schools are charter schools; they receive government funding and are run by a private organization. Online charter schools are subject to fewer restrictions than traditional schools. However, they are reviewed regularly and must continue to meet state standards. Some states also offer their own online public schools. These virtual programs generally operate from a state office or a school district. State-wide public school programs vary. Some online public schools offer a limited number of remedial or advanced courses not available in brick-and-mortar public school campuses. Others offer full online diploma programs. A few states choose to fund â€Å"seats† for students in private online schools. The number of available seats may be limited and students are usually asked to apply through their public school guidance counselor. (See also: 4 Types of Online High Schools). Choosing a Hawaii Online Public School When choosing an online public school, look for an established program that is regionally accredited and has a track record of success. Be wary of new schools that are disorganized, are unaccredited, or have been the subject of public scrutiny. For more suggestions on evaluating virtual schools see: How to Choose an Online High School.

Chamber concert Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chamber concert - Essay Example The above mentioned artists were invited by the organizers to grace the occasion due to their good record of their work in the music fraternity. Yu-Mei Huang who featured in the concert is a well known violin player who has produced numerous records of music. He has proven beyond reasonable doubt that he is an outstanding chamber musician and a soloist. Yu-Mei Huang has featured in many concerts as a pianist and a violin during his career growth in the United States of America and Asia. It is noted that Yu-Mei Huang perfected his act by undertaking a degrees in Violin Performance and Conducting at Florida International University. Yu-Mei Huang uses his talent to teach other people in the community the acts of music as a sign of thanksgiving to the community. Guangyu Xie is an artist who loved to play the cello from his childhood age till now. It is said that Guangyu Xie started playing the instrument at a tender age whereby at the age of twelve he won a prestigious award in his home country which is china. The artist has won many prestigious awards in his career life which has inspired the artist to work much harder. Music produced by Guangyu Xie has received a positive reaction from the people all over the world where they sell of the music has brought about a lot of wealth to the artist. Guangyu Xie has perfected his act by undergoing a degree course in cello performance in Russian. This move has made it possible for the artist to visit many countries to perform and to motivate young upcoming musicians. Guangyu Xie is currently working with the faculty of Shanghai Conservatory in Shanghai, China. The presence of Chih-Long Hu in the chamber concert made the show to be interesting to the audience. Chih-Long Hu is said to be one of the world renowned active pianist. He has won many prestigious awards during his career. Such awards include the Taipei National Concert Hall Arising Star and the Chi-Mei Artist Award. He has

Project Mangement Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Project Mangement Paper - Essay Example The project management has been defined by many researchers such as Crawford, Pollack and England (2006), Georgieva and Allan (2008), Kwak and Anbari (2008) and Pfeffer (2010), but still there is no single concrete definition for it. However, Dr. Denis Petersen (2009) described project management as the way by which an organisation accomplishes the goal of completing its projects on time. The project is defined as a venture in which financial, human and material sources are combined together in an organised way to perform work that has a unique scope along with a particular set of specifications that have some time and cost constraints (Smyth and Morris, 2007). Malhotra, Majchrzak and Benson (2007) rightly stated that the main aim of the project is to acquire a change that is beneficial for the organisation and that it is defined and measured by setting both qualitative and quantitative objectives. According to Pinto and Slevin (1998) cited by Georgieva and Allan (2008), project mana gement can be best described as the management of a project which has the following characteristics: a beginning and an end, i.e. specific time for completion; a predetermined goal or set of goals; and a set of interrelated activities and a limited budget. In order to manage the projects well, it is important to have good project managers. The project managers are the leaders who have to ensure that everything regarding the project is properly sequenced and planned out –i.e. the issues of raw materials, human resources and finances need to be addressed beforehand. The primary duties of the project manager are building the best team for the project, co-ordinating with the team members, establishing vision and communicating it to the team members, establishing realistic goals, motivating the team members to perform effectively, and encouraging people to stretch while communicating appropriately with each other (Peterson, 2009). Nine Key Skills and Managerial Elements As regards the duration of A3 HindHead project, it can be said that the project management team has considered all the factors of the project: time, cost and quality. Although the project had been in pipeline since 1970s, the right time to control the traffic on the bridge came in 2011. The most important elements considered in the project management of the aforementioned situation are the project’s scope, time, cost, workforce and the procurement for the project. The foremost aspect that needs to be considered is the scope of the project. The project manager needs to first identify the aims, goals and objectives of the clients. It is important to have clarity about the vision of the project; once the vision is clear, the direction will be well-set and goals will be achieved within the agreed time period. Along with the scope of the project, it is important to identify the cost and time limitations, i.e. when the project should be completed, how the project’s progress will be me asured and what will be done to ensure that the obstacles are tackled. Likewise, the budget designing is important so that the project manager has ample ideas about the financial constraints the client faces. Simultaneously, the project manager has to ensure that the workforce is well-motivated and has a clear understanding about the goals and objectives to be attained. For the project manager, it is important to motivate the workforce, especially the workers, so that they perform all the

Herman Miller and Local Produce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Herman Miller and Local Produce - Essay Example Local produce good for everyone: This is a fact that Herman Miller considers very strongly. For instance Miller and a team of experts have looked beyond their immediate markets to other local but promising markets i. e the Chinese markets. They have noticed that the Chinese do not patronize global goods but are in love with their local produce like many other Asian countries. Thus Miller is creating some designs which are very specific to that marketplace and in other to achieve this; they will have to hire a few local people to guide the company towards achieving a perfect local design/produce that suits the need of the local market. Analysis According to (Google books, 2010) Herman Miller uses outside resources to drive innovations. They outsource their creative work to a network of award winning independent designers. Miller states boldly that when talents are drawn from a variety of sources, innovation thrives faster. This is what walker refers to as â€Å" a fresh perspective o n existing or emerging problems† In expanding into Malaysia, the company will require the flexibility of working alongside other designers in Malaysia and sharing profits with them. This will help them conquer the indigenous Malaysian market.

Factors Impacting on Cardiovascular Surgery

Factors Impacting on Cardiovascular Surgery STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES The goals of this study are to explore the different factors affecting cardiovascular surgery and the manufacture of cardiovascular devices, as well as to quantify the market for various segments of the cardiovascular device market. Cardiac surgery is increasing globally, with the contribution of macroeconomic factors such as aging populations, increasing rates of obesity, poor nutrition and other health stressors. In recent years, new technologies have been developed that make sophisticated therapies accessible for patients in previously underserved locations. Whether through disease, congenital defects or degradation of cardiac and vascular function with advancing age, the incidence of cardiovascular disease is growing dramatically, substantiating the continued growth in cardiovascular surgical procedures. REASONS FOR DOING THIS STUDY The American Heart Association, in its publication Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics, 2016 Update At-A-Glance, estimates that 98 million American adults will have one or more types of cardiovascular disease. Surgery represents the most effective therapy for advanced cardiovascular conditions. Recent innovations such as minimally invasive procedures, beating heart surgeries, ventricular assist devices and artificial hearts, replacement valves and treatments for hypertension such as renal denervation offer therapeutic options that result in shorter recovery times and reduced complication risks. Newer cardiovascular devices and therapeutic techniques will play an increasing role in enhancing quality of life for a growing elderly population, as well as patient groups with poor cardiac function. The ability of government-run health agencies and private insurance providers to cope with the increased need for cardiovascular procedures, together with rising hea lthcare costs, have led agencies and insurers to closely evaluate their coverage for cardiovascular surgical procedures and continually seek out lower-cost but still efficacious options. This report will identify areas of growth within the cardiovascular surgical device market and discuss innovative technologies that have been recently launched or are presently under development. Market growth rates will be projected based on manufacturers net revenues, unless otherwise indicated. This report is designed to achieve the following objectives: Describe the trends and developments affecting each type of cardiovascular surgical technology and discuss how each addresses market needs. Analyze market demand, competitive dynamics and regulatory/ reimbursement-related factors to project the market size for each technology and highlight target applications. Study intensively market growth by geography. Analyze trends and opportunities in major regions: North America, Europe, Asia and the rest of the world (ROW). Identify major stakeholders, product portfolio and recent developments, and draw a competitive landscape for the market leaders. Track and analyze recent developments, alliances, joint ventures, mergers and acquisitions, and patents of the market players in the industry. This report is designed to appeal to many types of readers, including marketing and management executives within the medical device industry, venture capital professionals interested in exploring commercialization opportunities and anyone else who would like to better understand how market factors and technologies interact in this industry. SCOPE OF REPORT The scope of this study encompasses multiple technologies and procedures related to cardiovascular surgical devices. The study focused primarily on four categories of cardiovascular surgery: traditional (open), interventional, cardiac rhythm management (CRM) and cardiac ablation procedures. These procedure groupings are categorized logically so that comparisons can be made within procedural groups as well as across the cardiovascular surgical devices industry as a whole. Note that carotid artery surgery related to stroke, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) surgery to correct aortic aneurysms, and surgical and stenting procedures designed to address peripheral vascular disease are not addressed in detail in this report. BCC Research analyzes the industry on a worldwide basis from market, product and technology perspectives. Regulations and reimbursement issues and patents issued from 2011 through mid-2016 are also examined to identify patient safety, regulatory review and insurance coverage issues for stakeholders and potential stakeholders in this industry. The report examines the cardiovascular surgery device industry in general, the types of technologies currently in use as well as future technological developments, and regulatory influences that affect product distribution. The industry structure section discusses the most active manufacturers with respect to relative market share, marketing strengths and forces that promote or hinder the growth of technologies. The technology sections detail historical (2014), and projected (2015 to 2020) market values. METHODOLOGY BCC Research presents an analysis across the entire cardiovascular surgical device market based on company-specific revenue dollars and units shipped as reported to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and/or other governmental agencies, as well as company information such as conversations with company officials, annual reports and product/financial news releases. The report also analyzes data collected from the United States Patent Office (USPTO) databases. Technological and demographic information is gathered from industry sources, governmental sources and published news reports. A top-down approach was used to estimate the market size of cardiovascular surgical devices. The research methodology used to calculate market size also included the following details: Market revenues of key players were determined through primary and secondary research, including a study of the annual reports of top market players, and interviews with key opinion leaders and corporate heads such as chief executive officers (CEOs), directors, product heads, business unit heads, etc. Secondary research included general search by keywords through paid sources such as Factiva and One Source, and other publicly available websites and company websites. The penetration of micromarkets was established through primary and secondary sources and validated through primary sources. The forecast was based on analysis of market trends such as pricing and volume analysis. The regional split was determined by using secondary sources verified through primary sources. The regional split was based on v arious parameters such as the number of players in a particular region, the extent of research activity occurring in that region and potential growth (e.g., scope for increase in number of laboratories). INFORMATION SOURCES BCC Research conducted primary and secondary research to develop this report. Sources included companies in the cardiovascular device market and supply industry, public documents, SEC filings, corporate white papers and other technical documentation for U.S. and international companies directly involved in manufacturing and distributing cardiovascular surgery devices and related products. Paid sources include Factiva, One Source and other subscribed healthcare magazines and journals. The report excludes resellers and retailers, focusing instead on the primary companies responsible for developing the underlying technology. Where precise information was not available, a consensus was made using reasonable assumptions and estimates based on historical data. ANALYSTS CREDENTIALS Bhavna Joshi has more than six years of healthcare domain experience. In addition to business research and consulting, she has conducted corporate briefings for top players in a wide range of market segments. After earning her MBA (marketing and finance stream) from Chennai University, she worked with major market research firms. Joshi has authored several market research studies in the healthcare domain. Some of these include: Healthcare tracking technologies. Molecular diagnostics market. High-growth markets in healthcare and life sciences. Adoption rates and analysis of over-the-counter (OTC) diabetic medicines and supplements. Radio frequency identification (RFID), real-time locating systems (RTLS), Internet Protocol (IP) surveillance and other emerging technologies in the healthcare domain.

The Benefits of Local Farming Essays -- Food Science

It used to be that fine dining establishments featured imported ingredients on the menu. These days, many chefs in high quality restaurants take pride in featuring locally grown, seasonal items. Even some large chain grocery stores now offer meat and produce from local farms. While most Americans probably would not feel the need to be as close to their meat as Makenna Goodman describes in â€Å"Ever Wonder if You Could Kill What You Eat? We Did the Other Night†, there is growing support for Goodman’s ideas that being closer to the food results in better food quality (246). Many Americans seem to concur, as they are now willing to pay more for locally grown and organically raised food. Having seen countless local farms plowed under to become housing developments or shopping malls, and having dealt with several epidemics of tainted food, Americans are more conscious of the ‘support your local farmer’ movement. If this new ‘food fashion’ cont inues to grow in popularity, it will help strengthen local farms that in past years have suffered at the expense of large commercial farming enterprises. According to Michael Pollan federal policy has promoted industrial agriculture, or agribusiness, since the Nixon era in the belief that keeping food costs low by obtaining maximum production of commodity crops (corn, soybeans, wheat, and rice) was in the best interest of the national political agenda (186). In â€Å"Farmer in Chief†, Pollan asks President Obama to change federal policy and instead promote local farming, asserting that how Americans grow, process, and eat food impacts the health care crisis, energy independence, and climate change (187). Goodman, Pollan, and others agree that more local, small-scale, farming will be better for th... ...ge.html?res=9500EEDC143EF936A15757C0A9619C8B63>. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 7 Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs). EPA, 17 Jan. 2012. Web. 07 May 2012. . Goodman, Makenna. â€Å"Ever Wonder if You Could Kill What You Eat? We Did the Other Night.† Acting out Culture: Reading and Writing. Ed. James S. Miller. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2011. 246-248. Print. Pollan, Michael. â€Å"Farmer in Chief.† Acting out Culture: Reading and Writing. Ed. James S. Miller. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2011. 186-203. Print. Sustainable Table. GRACE Communications Foundation. Web. 07 May 2012. . United States Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Marketing Service. USDA, 2012. Web. 07 May. 2012. .

Isolation and Alienation in Sylvia Plath’s The Bell Jar Essay

In Sylvia Plath’s modern novel, The Bell Jar, the main character Esther isolates and alienates herself throughout the book because she mentally ill. Because her descent into a deep depression is slow and she leads a productive life when the reader first meets her, this descent seems rational to the reader in the beginning. Esther has an artsy soul. She is a writer and dreamer. When she does not make it into the writing program she is hoping for, she feels as though her life starts to lose purpose and we see her unwind. Esther is lucky enough to be spending a month in the summer in New York as a scholarship winning junior editor/ intern for a ladies magazine but she does not enjoy this experience as much as she feels she should. Esther spends her evenings out and about in the glamorous city trying to forget about Buddy Willard, a boy she dated in college who developed tuberculosis. Esther’s feelings of depression begin on this trip as she loses interest in both her work and social life and only worsen with time. Esther begins to realize her feelings of deep discontent are not normal â€Å"I knew something was wrong with me that summer, because all I could think about was the Rosenbergs and how stupid I’d been to buy all those uncomfortable, expensive clothes†¦and how all the little successes I’d totted up so happily at college fizzled to nothing†¦ along Madison Avenue.† (Plath, 1-2) Although Esther understands there is something abnormal about her emotions, it takes her a while to realize how deeply mentally ill she really is. Her peers are all happy and excited to be in New York pursuing their future careers but Esther is unable to share their enthusiasm in any of it. Esther begins avoiding her friends and social situations and retreats further into her own thoughts and emotions. Esther’s depression steadily worsens once she returns home. She is devastated when she is informed she has been rejected from the writing program she planned on attending and is left unsure about what to do with her life. â€Å"But when I took up my pen, my hand made big, jerky letters like those of a child, and the lines sloped down the page from left to right almost diagonally, as if they were loops of string lying on the paper, and someone had come along and blown them askew.† (Plath, 106) Esther starts noticing many odd changes with herself, such as a loss of writing talent and constant thoughts of suicide. She feels she is losing her identity as a writer and therefore her grip on reality. Esther attempts suicide more than once and is dragged to several psychiatrists and mental institutions before landing in a private institution in the capable hands of Dr. Nolan who helps her slowly ascend from her suffocating â€Å"bell jar.† This book gives the reader a look inside what it is like to be severely mentally ill. Esther avoids everyone including those who used to be her best friends and attempts suicide more than once. That is why alienation is the most outstanding theme in this novel.

Enta

Are entrepreneurs born or created? New Zealand needs more successful entrepreneurs and much thought has been given to how that may be encouraged. C an we create entrepreneurs? Is the ability to see a business opportunity and take the risks necessary to exploit it endowed by nature or is it a result of nurture? I had always thought it was nurture. But recently I learnt more about my own family history and it made me question whether genetics has a bigger influence than I thought.My Hillock ancestors can be traced back eight generations to Edward Hillock who was born in 1687 and lived in the small Essex village of Shades. He was a carpenter and commercial property owner (leasing out the land and building occupied by one of the village's many public houses). That combination of being self-employed and owning property has since been shared by eight generations of Hillock men spread over more than 300 years. During that time there have been carpenters, farmers, millers, a brewer (Hillocks Karol Ale was popular in the sass) ND a pioneer developer of New Zealand farmland.Perhaps something in our shared genes encouraged this strong legacy of enterprise? To find out more I read Danish writer Lone Franks 2012 book My Beautiful Genome. She summarizes the 52 NOVEMBER 2013 latest research on how our genes influence our health and behavior. Among many issues, she discusses the L variant of the MAO gene, which has been linked with aggression. This variant is known as the â€Å"warrior gene† and is carried by an unusually high proportion of male prison inmates. Most men who carry the warrior gene are not, however, involved in crime.It seems to influence different people in different ways. Carriers of the MAO-L gene appear more willing to take risks in general while also being better at assessing their chance of success in high-pressure situations. That's useful in battle but the gene also seems to influence characteristics that favor entrepreneurship. A California Insti tute of Technology study in 2010 tested this possibility in a financial simulation. The 83 men tested had to choose between a safe option and various other options which offered higher risks along with a range of identically higher returns. .. It seems more likely that a shared family culture and perhaps resources handed down from one generation to the next is what sustains these family traditions of business success The men carrying the MAO-L gene were much more likely to take financial risks but only where the odds were in their favor – they were good at assessing risk while also being prepared to take on the risk to generate the return. Those men who did not carry the MAO-L gene typically chose the lower risk and lower return option and were tryingly averse to any potential downside.This research shows there could be a genetic influence on entrepreneurship – at least in Menlo . The warrior gene (perhaps in time it will also be called the â€Å"entrepreneur geneâ₠¬ ) cannot, however, explain multiple generations of fathers and sons starting and running businesses. That's because the MAO gene is linked to the X-chromosome. Men inherit their single copy of the gene from their mother, not their father. Around one-third of all men of European descent carry the MAO-L variant so there is still a good chance that several f my male ancestors carried it, or that I carry it today.With the rapid advances being made in genetic research it is possible that some other gene will be linked with entrepreneurship and help explain why some families (including the Hillocks) have such strong records of entrepreneurship. But unless that occurs it seems more likely that a shared family culture and perhaps resources handed down from one generation to the next is what sustains these family traditions of business success. Lone Frank explains that the expression of many genes is influenced by such environmental factors.It appears that aggressive outcomes for those ca rrying the MAO-L gene are triggered by conditions such as mothers who smoke or drink during pregnancy or childhood trauma. In a different and more positive environment the gene variant could influence business success. Such an environment would of course also encourage success in those without the MAO-L gene. While there is evidence that some people have greater natural affinity for entrepreneurship it is likely that it is the environment in which people live or work that has the greatest influence.For now we can't alter our genes but we can create the environment in which more people are encouraged to set up new businesses and be more likely to succeed. . I am not aware of any similar research done on women who carry the MAO-L variant John Hillock is Director at Absolute Certainty Ltd. He can be contacted at [email  protected] Com Plan your success in the CA Program with our comprehensive PREP Workshops and Exam Coaching dad Leaders in accounting education Pass your exams and bec ome a chartered accountant in 2014! See preparers. Co. NZ Daniel hunt